Showing posts with label Surveillance. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Surveillance. Show all posts

Saturday, December 22, 2007

FBI's Biometrics Database: Next Generation Identification

The Washington Post reported yesterday that the FBI will create the world's largest computer database of peoples' physical characteristics, Next Generation Identification.

The database would store digital images of faces, fingerprints, iris patterns, maybe even the way people walk and talk.

Friday, October 19, 2007

It's Uncanny How Your Parents Know Everything About You

American Family Insurance has a program, Teen Safe Driver, allowing parents of teenage drivers to sign up for the program, and monitor the behaviour of their children behind the wheel.

A DriveCam camera, fixed in front of the car, facing the driver, will monitor the teenage driver.
According to the program's web site and the video, not data is saved, unless the 10 seconds before, and 10 seconds after an "erratic vehicle movement" such as hard breaking , or quick acceleration. These images are transmitted wirelessly to an "analysis center" for review, and the parents receive a report card and a risk score.

I am an advocate of safe driving, and I am often appalled by the dangerous way some people drive, teenagers and grown-ups, yet this program makes me shiver. It comes down to this general question: is accepting more surveillance the only way to achieve a sense of security? In order to get this elusive sense of security, do we need to feel we are under the constant watch of benevolent parents, our own parents when teenagers, then benevolent corporations monitoring our daily lives, and grading them according to their own scale?

The way we eat has a great incidence on our health, and the disease we may develop in the future. Should we then install a camera in the refrigerator and the pantry, and the data be transmiited to tour health insurer? And should my Sonicare transmit my brushing (and flossing, mind you) to my dentist?

Friday, October 12, 2007

Le Gouvernement Français Veut Tripler les Caméras de Surveillance

Le gouvernement français veut tripler les caméras de surveillance. Cette mesure peut être bénéfique pour l’image publique du gouvernement, mais les caméras de surveillance ne sont pas d’une efficacité telle que les citoyens français doivent renoncer au privilège de ne pas être constamment filmés. Cette multiplication aurait de graves conséquences pour nos libertés publiques. En effet, les caméras de surveillance ne sont pas aussi efficaces que le gouvernement voudrait nous faire croire.

La biométrie par reconnaissance des visages a été utilisée à grande échelle en janvier 2001 aux Etats-Unis lors de la finale du Super Bowl, le championnat de football américain. Tous les spectateurs, environ 100 000 personnes, ont été numérisés par des caméras. Ces données ont ensuite été comparées par un ordinateur avec des données contenues dans les casiers judiciaires de certains criminels.

La ville de Tampa (Floride) qui avait organisé le Super Bowl en 2001, a également installé des caméras liées à un fichier biométrique dans l’un quartiers les plus touristiques de la ville, Ybor City, l’ancien quartier cubain de Tampa. Le système a été mis en place le 29 juin 2001 : le logiciel utilisé, Face-IT®, avait été développé par la société Visionics, qui a depuis fusionnée avec la société Identix. L’American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU). Un rapport de Jan Stanley et Barry Steinhardt avait dénoncé dès 2002 les nombreux défauts de ce système. L’Etat de Floride a une open-records lawqui autorise les citoyens à avoir accès aux rapports de police et l’ACLU a ainsi pu avoir accès aux rapports des policiers en charge de Face-IT®. Selon Jan Stanley et Barry Steinhardt, ce système n’est jamais parvenu à identifier un seul suspect et n’a permis aucune arrestation. Ce système a parfois confondu un homme pour une femme et commis d’autres erreurs. La ville de Tampa a d’ailleurs cessé de l’utiliser le 11 août 2001 et ne l’a plus utilisé depuis, même après les attentats du 11 septembre. Voir ici.

Tuesday, September 18, 2007

ACLU's Surveillance Society Clock

The ACLU posted yesterday the Surveillance Society Clock. Report here.

Friday, September 07, 2007

"National Security Letters" Are Unconstitutional

A Federal court ruled that the Patriot Act's National Security Letter (NSL) provision, 18 U.S.C. § 2709 is unconstitutional. § 2709 authorizes the FBI to issue NSLs to request information about an Electronic Communications Service Provider's client (ECSP). The ECSP "shall comply" with such request, and is required to provide records such as "subscriber information" or "electronic communication transactional records."The Federal court noted that there were approximately 39,000 NSL demands made by the FBI in 2003, 56,000 in 2004, and 47,000 in 2005.

The Court used the strict scrutiny standard to review the statute, as it is prior restraint and content-based restriction.

The Federal Court rules that § 2709 (c) is unconstitutional:

No wire or electronic communication service provider, or officer, employee, or agent thereof, shall disclose to any person that the Federal Bureau of Investigation has sought or obtained access to information or records under this section.

Because this provision cannot be severed from the statute, section 2709 as a whole was declared unconstitutional.

According to the Court, the "government's use of non disclosure orders must be narrowly-tailored on a case-by-case basis. That is, a nondisclosure order may not be broader in either scope or duration than the degree of secrecy required to serve the government's interest in protecting national security." Also, "the nondisclosure orders must be subject to meaningful judicial review." The Court was also troubled by the fact that the standard of review the courts must apply when a nondisclosure order is challenged offends the principles of checks and balances and separation of powers.

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